Reducing Environmental and Occupational Cancer Risks Toolkit

2. Pennsylvania: Bridging Gaps with Partnerships

A broad environmental cancer risk reduction goal and associated strategies were not included in the Pennsylvania Cancer Plan until 2023 when an updated version was released. 

The decision to include this goal was borne out of convenings and conversations that were occurring in the state, specifically from a 2019 Cancer and Environment Symposium in Southwestern Pennsylvania and a decision to build a network to focus on cancer and the environment in the region. As a Pennsylvania cancer coalition member said, “people started talking about it [environmental cancer risk reduction] more, so we knew we needed to address it”. State chronic disease program staff were able to reflect on new insights gained during the Cancer and Environment Symposium and ask, what can we do within our cancer program and state plan?

Strategies related to environmental and occupational risk reduction

  • Educate the public by identifying and disseminating data sources and tools on environmental carcinogen exposure risks and safe alternatives
  • Educate Pennsylvanians about safe drinking water, potential water carcinogenic contaminants, well water testing, certified water testing laboratories and available resources
  • Increase and build public awareness of the effects of environmental lung carcinogens to increase demand for radon testing and availability of resources
  • Educate parents about cancer risks to children associated with environmental exposures and strategies to reduce risks (radon, second hand smoke, exposure to household and other chemicals or pollutants)
  • Educate employees and employers about environmental occupational risks such as carcinogenic chemicals, secondhand smoke, and UV exposure in the workplace to develop policies and/or safer alternatives to decrease employee exposure
  • Educate health care providers on importance of environmental, social determinants and cancer risk assessments on all patients and the availability of resources
  • Increase the capacity of healthcare providers and lung health programs to ask about radon testing in the patient’s home, provide education, and testing resources
  • Use data to educate the professional and policy-making community about risks associated with exposure to tobacco, radon, air pollution, chemical and other environmental cancer risk factors
  • Advance partnerships to advocate for policies that increase protections from radon, radon testing and mitigation of schools, residential and commercial new builds, renter notification of radon levels
  • Advance partnerships to explore and develop policies that incentivize the replacement of priority environmental carcinogens with safer alternatives 
  • Advance partnerships to support policy changes to close loopholes and exemptions in environmental protection laws (e.g., air and water quality, tobacco laws)
  • Advance partnerships to advocate for and support policies to increase environmental justice (EJ), promote health equity, and allocate funding to create safe neighborhoods and greenspace in underrepresented communities and current EJ areas

This question motivated staff to pursue more formative research and discussions. They began to equip themselves with background information from webinars on the topic sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and convened by the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (NACDD) and partner organizations; aligned state climate change leaders, sustainability and environmental justice initiatives, and data from the Health Department’s Environmental Epidemiology unit, and the state’s Department of Environmental Protection. With this background knowledge, the program began connecting with existing Cancer Coalition members interested and vested in environmental and occupational cancer risks to develop the framework for the state’s exposure reduction strategy. 

Program staff also pursued new relationships and partnerships, including reaching out to organizations involved in the Pittsburgh-based environmental and cancer initiative, the Cancer and Environment Network of SW Pennsylvania to become more active members of the state’s Cancer Coalition. In addition, staff developed new relationships with the state’s Office of Environmental Justice, given increasing attention to racial health disparities that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic and opportunities to advance cancer prevention goals aligned with greater health equity and environmental risk reduction strategies. Staff emphasized the importance of leveraging partnerships to take on new areas of programmatic focus in the context of a state’s comprehensive cancer control plan with limited existing capacity – a common theme across states. Developing relationships and having conversations that focus on “here’s what you do, and here’s what I’ll do” helps to bridge gaps in capacity and a commitment to progress and impact. 

Pennsylvania’s approach to an environmental cancer risk reduction goal in their comprehensive cancer control plan was to keep strategies purposefully broad. “Keep it broad, let the data reveal the target, and let the coalition guide the implementation,” said a coalition member. Starting with broad targets, the big picture and increasing the degree of specificity over time was instrumental during the development of this strategy. Program staff felt it important to honor the formative work that was still needed – evaluating the streams of new environmental health data sources with a cancer lens and continued education and learning of the Coalition on environmental and occupational cancer topics – which are reflected in the strategies adopted.

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